Top 2025 Vulnerabilities & MITRE ATT&CK Mapping

This table maps actively exploited 2025 CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK techniques, helping defenders understand how attackers operationalize vulnerabilities in the wild.

CVE ID	Vulnerability Title	Primary MITRE ATT&CK Technique(s)	ATT&CK Tactic
CVE-2025-55182	React2Shell – React Server Components RCE	T1190 – Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationT1059 – Command and Scripting Interpreter	Initial Access, Execution
CVE-2025-62221	Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter UAF	T1068 – Exploitation for Privilege Escalation	Privilege Escalation
CVE-2025-6218	WinRAR Path Traversal RCE	T1204 – User ExecutionT1105 – Ingress Tool Transfer	Initial Access, Execution
CVE-2025-48633	Android Framework Info Disclosure	T1409 – Access Sensitive Data in Mobile Device	Collection
CVE-2025-48572	Android Framework Privilege Escalation	T1404 – Exploit OS Vulnerability (Mobile)	Privilege Escalation
CVE-2025-5777	CitrixBleed 2 – NetScaler Memory Disclosure	T1133 – External Remote ServicesT1550 – Use of Stolen Session Tokens	Initial Access, Credential Access
CVE-2025-48384	Git Arbitrary File Write	T1195 – Supply Chain CompromiseT1059 – Command Execution	Initial Access, Execution
CVE-2025-41244	VMware Aria Tools Local PrivEsc	T1068 – Exploitation for Privilege Escalation	Privilege Escalation
CVE-2025-9242	WatchGuard Firebox IKEv2 OOB Write	T1190 – Exploit Public-Facing Application	Initial Access
CVE-2025-12480	Gladinet Triofox Auth Bypass	T1190 – Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationT1078 – Valid Accounts	Initial Access, Persistence
CVE-2025-62215	Windows Kernel Race Condition	T1068 – Exploitation for Privilege Escalation	Privilege Escalation
CVE-2025-4664	Chrome Cross-Origin Data Leak	T1056 – Input CaptureT1213 – Data from Information Repositories	Credential Access, Collection
CVE-2025-59287	Microsoft WSUS Deserialization RCE	T1190 – Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationT1106 – Native API	Initial Access, Execution

“It takes 20 years to build a reputation and a few minutes of cyber-incident to ruin it.” – Stephane Nappo

The cybersecurity threat landscape in 2025 continues to be driven primarily by the exploitation of known and patchable vulnerabilities rather than unknown zero-day flaws, with attackers increasingly focusing on internet-facing applications, identity systems, and trusted infrastructure components. Many high-impact CVEs disclosed this year were actively exploited shortly after publication, reinforcing the importance of mapping vulnerabilities to MITRE ATT&CK techniques to understand attacker behavior beyond CVSS severity alone. Unauthenticated remote code execution and edge-device vulnerabilities frequently align with T1190 – Exploit Public-Facing Application, enabling initial access into enterprise environments, while memory corruption, deserialization, and race condition flaws commonly map to T1068 – Exploitation for Privilege Escalation, allowing attackers to gain elevated control after entry. Identity-related weaknesses, including session token exposure and authentication bypass, align with T1078 – Valid Accounts, reflecting a broader shift toward abusing legitimate access paths for stealth and persistence. Supply chain and repository-based vulnerabilities further demonstrate alignment with T1195 – Supply Chain Compromise, highlighting the expanding attack surface introduced by modern development practices. Mobile and browser vulnerabilities have also become increasingly relevant, enabling data collection and credential exposure through techniques associated with Collection and Credential Access tactics. Across incidents, insufficient logging, delayed remediation, and misconfigured access controls significantly amplify impact, proving that CVSS scores alone are insufficient for prioritization. Organizations that incorporate CISA KEV intelligence and ATT&CK-based risk context into vulnerability management consistently demonstrate faster response times, reduced attacker dwell time, and improved resilience, reinforcing that in 2025, effective defense depends on understanding how vulnerabilities translate into real-world attacker techniques rather than treating them as isolated technical issues.

IT IS NEVER LATE TO ACT UPON...

Top 10 Mitigation Strategies Against Actively Exploited Vulnerabilities (2025)

• Prioritize KEV-Listed and Actively Exploited Vulnerabilities

  Treat CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities as emergency fixes, regardless of CVSS score, and enforce accelerated patch timelines for internet-facing systems.

• Reduce Internet-Facing Attack Surface

  Inventory and restrict exposure of web applications, VPNs, APIs, and edge devices, ensuring only necessary services are accessible externally.

• Implement Risk-Based Patch Management

  Prioritize remediation using exploitability, exposure, and business impact rather than relying solely on severity scores.

• Harden Identity and Access Management (IAM)

  Enforce phishing-resistant MFA, conditional access policies, and strict session controls to reduce abuse of valid accounts.

• Apply Least Privilege Everywhere

  Regularly review and minimize user, service, and cloud role permissions to limit privilege escalation opportunities.

• Strengthen Logging, Monitoring, and Alerting

  Enable comprehensive audit logging for authentication, privilege changes, and administrative actions, and ensure logs are actively monitored.

• Segment Networks and Enforce Zero Trust Principles

  Prevent lateral movement by isolating critical systems, restricting internal trust, and validating access continuously.

• Secure Software Supply Chains

  Validate third-party components, monitor repositories, and enforce code integrity controls to reduce supply chain compromise risk.

• Harden Endpoints and Servers

  Use EDR, application allowlisting, and exploit mitigation controls to detect abnormal behavior even when vulnerabilities are abused.

• Continuously Test and Validate Security Controls

  Perform regular vulnerability assessments, configuration reviews, and attack-scenario testing to ensure defenses remain effective against evolving techniques.

Strong mitigation is not achieved through a single control but through consistent prioritization, visibility, and alignment with real-world attacker behavior. Organizations that align mitigation strategies with MITRE ATT&CK techniques significantly reduce breach likelihood and impact.